Bulbophyllum pulanense Yudistira, Kurniawan & Mustaqim, 2022

Section Beccariana

Distribution: Merupakan anggrek endemik dari Propinsi Kalimantan Barat, Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu.

Ecology: Hutan dataran rendah dan Hutan rawa gambut yang sehat, pada ketinggian 45–90 m dapl.

Phenology: Berbunga pada Maret, November dan Desember.

Etymology: dinamai sesuai dengan tempat ditemukannya yaitu dukuh Pulan Kab. Kapuas Hulu, Kalimantan Barat

Deskripsi :
Bulbophyllum pulanense is similar to B. haematostictum but differs in the flowers fully open (vs. not fully open) and fragrant (vs. smell foul), lateral sepals strongly reflexed in the upper third (vs. straight), labellum with margin entire (vs. irregular), labellum distinctly concave at the base (vs. slightly concave) with the base not drawn out (vs. drawn out), labellum with a distinct longitudinal ridge running from the base to 1/2–2/3 of its length on each side (vs. blunt), apical margin with distinct sinus on each side (vs. sinus absent), abaxial side with longitudinal median groove (vs. ridged), apex obtuse (vs. acute), and stelidia shorter (0.4–0.5 mm vs. 0.8–1.8 mm) with apical cusp (vs. cusp absent). This species is also similar to B. alticaule but differs in having inflorescence sub-umbellate (vs. raceme) bearing 2–3 flowers (vs. 8– 22), shorter peduncle (1.5–2.8 cm vs. 13–16 cm), rachis shorter (0.5–1.1 mm vs. 3–6 cm), flower resupinate (vs. not resupinate), lateral sepals reflexed (vs. straight), petals cuspidate to shortly caudate (vs. rounded), labellum larger, 8.4–10.4 × 5.7–8.3 mm (vs. c. 5 × 4 mm), apical margin with distinct sinus on both sides (vs. absent), stelidia with apical cusp (vs. absent), tooth along the lower margin deltoid (vs. rounded); anther not drawn out in front (vs. drawn out)
Epiphyte or terrestrial. Roots from nodes, some scattered along internodes. Rhizome creeping, 1.5–2.6 mm diam., the section between pseudobulbs 4.2–19 cm. Pseudobulbs cylindrical, somewhat flattened 2.7–4 × 0.4–0.7 cm. Leaves: petiole 1.8–2.7 cm long, drying black; lamina elliptic to ovate, 9.7–10.9 × 3.2–3.4 cm, index (length per width ratio) 3–3.2, acute, margin entire, veins 5–6 pairs, tertiary venation scalariform, glabrous. Inflorescence horizontal to patent, sub-umbellate, 1.8– 1.9 cm long, 2–3 flowered; peduncle 1.5–2.8 cm long, scales sheathing, 6–7, the longest 7–9 mm, rachis 0.5–1.1 mm long. Floral bracts 2/3 amplexicaul, ovate, 4.6–7.8 × 1.5–2.5 cm, acuminate, attachment approx. level with the basal node. Flowers open widely and simultaneously, c. 2 cm across, fragrant; cream to pale yellow with dark red– purplish at the apex and vein. Pedicel and ovary 16.7–20 mm long, ovary straight, 5.0–6.1 × 1.8–1.9 mm, ribs rounded. Median sepal free, ovate, 9–13.7 × 7–9.1 mm, acuminate, strongly reflexed, margins entire, glabrous, 5-veined, veins prominent. Lateral sepals similar to the median but larger and oblique, ovate to ovate-triangular, 12.1–15.6 × 8.2–11.6 mm, index 1.5–1.6, upper third strongly reflexed, acuminate, margins entire, glabrous, prominently 5-veined adaxially. Petals obovate, 9.3–12.5 × 2.8–4.7 mm, index 2.6–3.3, cuspidate to shortly caudate, margins entire, glabrous, 3-veined. Labellum recurved, ovate, 8.4–10.4 × 5.7–8.3 mm (not flattened), index 1.3– 1.5, apical margin with a distinct sinus on each side, obtuse to rather retuse, margin entire to rather undulate; adaxially concave near the base, convex at the apex, surface papillose at apical and marginal zone, with rounded wrinkles near the apex, flat at the basal portion, on each side with distinct ridges running from the base to 1/2–2/3 its length; abaxially grooved at the base towards halfway its length, surface smooth, glabrous; cream-colored at the middle, gradually purplish-red toward the apex and the base. Column triangular, arcuate, including stelidia 3.7–5.0 mm long; column foot 6.6–7.5 mm (not flattened). Stelidia deltoid, with apical cusp; tooth porrect, deltoid, blunt, 0.4–0.5 mm long, along the lower margins. Stigma ovate. Anther triangular with connective not drawn out, papillose; pollinia ovate, 4 as 2 pairs. Capsule not seen.

Morphology of Bulbophyllum pulanense sp. nov.  Illustrated by F.H.Kurniawan.

Photographed by F.H. Kurniawan / Yayasan Akar Banir Indonesia

Perbungaan Photographed by F.H. Kurniawan / Yayasan Akar Banir Indonesia

Kunci identifikasi Bulbophyllum sect. Sestochilos di Kalimantan, dimodifikasi dari Vermeulen et al. (2015) :

17a. Labellum adaxially densely verrucate with small, conical verrucae partly fused to narrow, irregular ridges. Labellum margins distinctly and irregularly denticulate ………..…….… B. subumbellatum
17b. Labellum adaxially with coarse, shallow, rounded wrinkles. Labellum margins entire to slightly irregular ………..…………... 18
18a. Tooth along the lower margin of the stelidia slightly falcate ………….……… B. nabawanense
18b. Tooth along the lower margin of the stelidia porrect ……….…. 18’
18’a. Lateral sepals strongly reflexed. Labellum without drawn-out part at the base, apical margin with distinct sinus on each side, surface papillose at apical and marginal zone ……….… B. pulanense
18’b. Lateral sepals straight or nearly so. Labellum with drawn-out part at the base, without distinct sinus on each side of apical margin, surface smooth …………….…….…………… B. haematostictum

Referensi :

1. Yuda R. Yudistira, Firman H. Kurniawan and Wendy A. Mustaqim. 2022. Bulbophyllum (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae) of Indonesian Borneo: A New Species and First Record for B. lyriforme. Taiwania. 67(4); 544-551. taiwania.ntu.edu.tw/abstract/1872
2. facebook.com/TaiwaniaOffice/posts/3214226135465860

Bulbophyllum lyriforme J.J.Verm. & P.O'Byrne 2003

SECTION Sestochilos [Breda] Benth & Hook.f. 1883

Penyebaran: Kalimantan dan Papua New Guinea.

Ecology: Tumbuh pada cabang pohon di hutan rawa gambut yang didominasi oleh Shorea pachyphylla Ridl. ex Symington 1941, pada ketinggian 44−90 m dapl. Kelebaban bervarias antara 80−90%, dengan naungan 75−85%.

Phenology: Berbunga sepanjang tahun

Deskripsi :
Epiphytes, roots mainly near the base of the pseudobulb. Rhizome creeping, 3.2−3.8 mm diam., the section between pseudobulbs 4.2−6 cm, scale with fibers persistent. Pseudobulbs ovoid, 1.1−1.4 × 0.7−0.8 cm. Leaves: petiole 9.6−12.0 mm long; leaf blade elliptic, 18.6−19.7 × 3.7−3.9 cm, index ca. 5, obtuse to rounded.
Inflorescence varies from erect to horizontal, 1-flowered; peduncle 3−3.2 cm long. Floral bract 3, tubular, the longest ca. 9.6 mm long, sheathing, acuminate to shortly cuspidate. Flower fragrant, not resupinate and not fully opening. Pedicel and ovary ca. 34.8 mm long, ovary straight, ribs rounded, with dark purple spots near the sepal. Median sepal somewhat incurved, triangular, 33.6−36.3 × 6.8−7.1 mm, index 4.9−5.1, acute, margins entire, rather incurved, basal attachment narrowed, glabrous, 9–veined, pale pink to whitish, with scattered purple-red spots, faded towards along the middle part, paler in adaxial view. Lateral sepals incurved, free, oblique, triangular to rather ovate, 33.2−35.1 × 10.8−11.0 mm, index 3.1−3.3, gradually thickened towards the lower margin, 9-veined, the colors as same as the median with additional yellow adaxially along the lower margins.Petals reflexed, linear, subtriangular, 26.8−27.6 × 3.5–3.6 mm, index 7.6−7.7, acute, margins entire, glabrous, 5-veined, light pink with many purple-red spots. Labellum mobile, slightly recurved at the base, hastate-lyrate, 19.2−20.8 × 7.2 mm (not flattened), index 2.7−2.9, long drawn-out at the top, margin slightly concave near the base, lateral lobes present, obovate-subquadrangular, rounded, margin entire; the drawn-out top part thicker than the rest, glabrous; adaxially concave towards the base; abaxially with a distinct, emarginated ridge over ca. 1/4−1/3 of the length of the lip, cream colored with dense purple-red spots, apex and abaxial ridge yellow. Column including stelidia ca. 8.5 mm long, column foot ca. 11.3 mm long (not flattened). Stelidia porrect, deltoid to triangular, apex obtuse, wings or tooth absent along the lower margins. Anther abaxially having a distinct, flat crest, surface glabrous to rather undulate, ca. 2.1 × 2 mm. Pollinia 4, as two pairs, without appendages.

Morphology of Bulbophyllum lyriforme Illustrasi oleh F.H. Kurniawan.

Photographed by F.H. Kurniawan/Yayasan Akar Banir Indonesia.

Habitat Bulbophyllum lyriforme di Kapuas Hulu, Kalimantan Barat, Indonesia. Photographed by F.H. Kurniawan/Yayasan Akar Banir Indonesia.

Kunci identifikasi Bulbophyllum sect. Sestochilos di Kalimantan, dimodifikasi dari Vermeulen et al. (2015) :

8a. Labellum 15–35 mm long ……………….…..........………. 8’
8b. Labellum 3.5–9.0 mm long ………………….…….………...…… 9
8’a. Labellum hastate-lyrate, basal lateral lobes winglike and pointing backward ……………………….... B. lyriforme
8’b. Labellum elliptic, without basal lateral lobes …………… B. cheiri

Referensi :

Yuda R. Yudistira, Firman H. Kurniawan and Wendy A. Mustaqim. 2022. Bulbophyllum (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae) of Indonesian Borneo: A New Species and First Record for B. lyriforme. Taiwania. 67(4); 544-551. taiwania.ntu.edu.tw/abstract/1872;